{"id":6842,"date":"2024-02-28T18:40:02","date_gmt":"2024-02-28T17:40:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agevp60.com\/?p=6842"},"modified":"2024-02-29T13:27:28","modified_gmt":"2024-02-29T12:27:28","slug":"1984-1993-tro-ve-nguon-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agevp60.com\/index.php\/vi\/2024\/02\/28\/1984-1993-tro-ve-nguon-1\/","title":{"rendered":"1984 \u2013 1993 : tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n (1)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1984 - 1993<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1984 - 1993<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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\u0110\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng nh\u00ecn c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m qua 2 g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh :
– Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1984-1993 (b\u00e0i n\u00e0y)
\u00a0– Th\u1eadp ni\u00ean c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng H\u1ed9i<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u00f4i s\u1ee5c, n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ee5c<\/h3>

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn T\u1ed5ng H\u1ed9i Sinh Vi\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i Paris, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i v\u00e0i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>

L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1 s\u00f4i s\u1ee5c v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee5 n\u1ed5. N\u00e0o l\u00e0 n\u1ed5 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Tchernobyl v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1986, n\u00e0o l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng bom m\u00ecn c\u1ee7a kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 cho n\u1ed5 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1985-1986 ngay trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Paris, n\u00e0o l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng th\u00e9t \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn c\u1ee7a thanh ni\u00ean sinh vi\u00ean \u1edf qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Thi\u00ean An M\u00f4n tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecdng s\u00fang n\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ed3ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1989. S\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 vang tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc Koweit trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00f9ng V\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1992 v\u00e0 bom kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i n\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa t\u1ea1i World Trade Center n\u0103m 1993 t\u1ea1i New York.<\/p>

May thay, ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng h\u00e9t than kh\u00f3c, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng h\u00f2 h\u00e9t vui s\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c khi ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng B\u00e1 Linh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1989 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u khi hay bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Li\u00ean X\u00f4 tan r\u00e3.<\/p>

Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o Paris, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u0169ng s\u00f4i s\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng \u00edt. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea3 ph\u00e1i Mitterrand \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eafc c\u1eed hai nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n trong 14 n\u0103m tr\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1eb3ng l\u1eb7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Chirac, th\u1ee7 l\u00e3nh h\u1eefu ph\u00e1i. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng vai tr\u00f2 th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 3\/1986 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 5\/1988 khi h\u1eefu ph\u00e1i th\u1eafng \u0111a s\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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M\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u00f4i s\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 tia hy v\u1ecdng l\u00f3e s\u00e1ng<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p n\u00f3ng b\u1ecfng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tranh ch\u1ea5p t\u1ea3 h\u1eefu<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Hy v\u1ecdng tan bi\u1ebfn<\/h3>

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc hay t\u1ea1i h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1984 \u2013 1993 l\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng.<\/p>

Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u00ab\u00a0h\u1ed3 h\u1edfi\u00a0\u00bb tin v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n \u00ab\u00a0\u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb\u00a0\u00bb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i 6 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 12\/1986 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i chua ch\u00e1t nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi v\u00e0i c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn. T\u1ec7 h\u1ea1i h\u01a1n, v\u1edbi Hi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban h\u00e0nh th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1992, vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00f4n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec trong \u0110i\u1ec1u 4, cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd l\u00e0m b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c !<\/p>

V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf \u0111i, b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n hay b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3m nguy \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb h\u1ea3i t\u1eb7c, t\u1eeb c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1eeb phong ba b\u00e3o t\u00e1p.<\/p>

Trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1nh tay thi\u1ec7n nguy\u1ec7n, nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m n\u1edf \u0111\u00f3n r\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edbt c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n, nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n \u00fd, nh\u1eefng v\u1ed3n v\u00e3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 nh\u01b0\u1eddng b\u01b0\u1edbc cho nh\u1eefng nghi k\u1ef5, nh\u1eefng xua \u0111\u1ea9y, nh\u1eefng b\u1ea1o h\u00e0nh. Nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng, r\u1ed3i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 nh\u01b0 Nam D\u01b0\u01a1ng, M\u00e3 Lai, Phi Lu\u1eadt T\u1eadn hay Th\u00e1i Lan, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t ban h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n thuy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n c\u1eadp b\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 suy x\u00e9t quy ch\u1ebf t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n.<\/p>

H\u1ed9i Ngh\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thuy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Gen\u00e8ve c\u00e1c ng\u00e0y 13 v\u00e0 14 th\u00e1ng 6, 1989 th\u00f4ng qua K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch H\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed9ng To\u00e0n Di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc thanh l\u1ecdc c\u00e1c thuy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n. T\u1eeb l\u00fac n\u00e0y, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi t\u1ef1 do qua ng\u1ea3 t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 sang th\u1eadp ni\u00ean sau, kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1996 th\u00ec coi nh\u01b0 ng\u1eebng h\u1eb3n.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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\u0110\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u00f9m k\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p hi\u1ec3m nguy ra \u0111i t\u00ecm t\u1ef1 do<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc ra \u0111i t\u00ecm T\u1ef1 Do, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 h\u1ecd l\u1eadp c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ngay trong n\u01b0\u1edbc hay t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. T\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u1eadp ni\u00ean \u0111ang n\u00f3i t\u1edbi, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c \u1ee7y ban y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3, c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch g\u00e2y qu\u1ef9 n\u1edf r\u1ed9 \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. Trong cao tr\u00e0o y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u00f3, M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eadn Qu\u1ed1c Gia Th\u1ed1ng Nh\u1ea5t Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>

Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m cu\u1ed1i 1984 \u0111\u1ea7u 1985 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn. Tin nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eadn Th\u1ed1ng Nh\u1ea5t C\u00e1c L\u1ef1c L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Y\u00eau N\u01b0\u1edbc Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1ecb b\u1eaft giam tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u1ed3i ngay sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1982, tin 4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi L\u00ea Qu\u1ed1c Qu\u00e2n, H\u1ed3 Th\u00e1i B\u1ea1ch, Hu\u1ef3nh V\u0129nh Sanh v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n B\u00e1 b\u1ecb x\u1eed t\u1eed sau m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean t\u00f2a c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c chi s\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng. Trong t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1edb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ph\u0169 ph\u00e0ng : kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00f5 trang kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>

V\u00e0i n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1987, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng C\u01a1 Minh, l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eadn Qu\u1ed1c Gia Th\u1ed1ng Nh\u1ea5t Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1ecb t\u1eed vong trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng khai h\u00f3a v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1991, s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eadn c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00e1i lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 khi\u1ebfn cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i v\u01a1i \u0111i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00f5 trang.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Tuy th\u1ebf, \u00fd ch\u00ed ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng chuy\u1ec3n sang y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tranh \u0111\u1ea5u cho Nh\u00e2n Quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 thanh ni\u00ean hay l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i h\u01a1n gia t\u0103ng nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3n ph\u00e1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u1edf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i. Bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh, h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 30 th\u00e1ng 4 1975 hay nh\u1eefng Ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n Quy\u1ec1n. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u khi, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n h\u1ecdp nhau l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>

Ch\u1eafc ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n nh\u1edb chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Ch\u1ed1ng kinh t\u00e0i c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1986, 1987. Ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1987, c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng nhau t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cao \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi ng\u00e0y H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1ng kinh t\u00e0i Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng. T\u1ea1i Paris, nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m kinh t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01a1n v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c mua s\u1eafm. Nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trong qu\u1eadn 13 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi t\u1ea3y chay c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng ngo\u1ea1i vi c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>

V\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f2n nh\u1edb c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u1eadp h\u1ecdp trong \u1ee6y ban t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o t\u1ed9i \u00e1c H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh nh\u1eb1m y\u00eau c\u1ea7u UNESCO r\u00fat l\u1ea1i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vinh danh nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt n\u00e0y trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 sinh nh\u1eadt th\u1ee9 100 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta. Nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng cao \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1989 t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Trocad\u00e9ro. Nhi\u1ec1u \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m, s\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed5 huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. N\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u00ab\u00a0S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh\u00a0\u00bb v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y b\u00fat h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ban gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c UNESCO \u0111\u00e3 l\u00f9i b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c g\u00ec ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c trong n\u0103m 1990. Ngay c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>

N\u0103m 1993, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf d\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Qua cu\u1ed9c c\u00f4ng du t\u1eeb 9 \u0111\u1ebfn 11 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1993, t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Mitterrand tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7 T\u00e2y \u00c2u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ho\u00e0ng Mai<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Th\u1eadp ni\u00ean c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng H\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/a> \u21d2\u21d2<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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C\u00f9ng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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