{"id":11675,"date":"2025-04-19T16:49:31","date_gmt":"2025-04-19T14:49:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agevp60.com\/?p=11675"},"modified":"2025-04-21T07:48:57","modified_gmt":"2025-04-21T05:48:57","slug":"30th4-20nam_vnch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agevp60.com\/index.php\/vi\/2025\/04\/19\/30th4-20nam_vnch\/","title":{"rendered":"30th4-20Nam_VNCH"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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20 n\u0103m v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
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Ghi ch\u00fa<\/strong> :
B\u00e0i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng trong \u0110\u1eb7c san Sinh Vi\u00ean B\u00ednh Th\u00ecn 1976 do T\u1ed5ng H\u1ed9i Sinh Vi\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i Paris ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh. Do s\u1ef1 c\u1eadn k\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian t\u00ednh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 may cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m ngh\u0129 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, khi to\u00e0n c\u00f5i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi \u0111i v\u00e0o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn 1 n\u0103m. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay, m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c \u0111i, m\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eadm h\u01a1n t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u00ab\u00a0ngu\u1ed9i l\u1ea1nh\u00a0\u00bb c\u1ee7a 50 n\u0103m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. \u1ede cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ghi ch\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n hay chi ti\u1ebft…<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Sau \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb Th\u1ebf Chi\u1ebfn, phong tr\u00e0o tranh \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1ecb tr\u1ecb b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc cao tr\u00e0o tranh \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c sau 80 n\u0103m s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1ch \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. Kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady tham gia phong tr\u00e0o tranh \u0111\u1ea5u.<\/p>

Thay v\u00ec trao tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch duy tr\u00ec ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 : th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c gia tranh \u0111\u1ea5u cho \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 cho ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1946. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ra \u0111\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau, nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c-C\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea1y sang T\u00e0u hay ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn khu c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00f5 trang ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh. Chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1954 bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i tham d\u1ef1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1ea1i Gen\u00e8ve.<\/p>

Trong ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n quan tr\u1ecdng d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a cho t\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ng\u00e0y 30.4.1975. Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai.<\/p>

\u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a : 7.7.1954 \u2013 1.11.1963<\/h3>

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ed3n d\u1eadp t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, N\u1ed9i c\u00e1c B\u1eedu L\u1ed9c t\u1ecf ra b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u00ec t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c ngo\u1ea1i bang. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd bu\u1ed9c B\u1eedu L\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c. \u00d4ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00ab\u00a0Qu\u1ed1c Tr\u01b0\u1edfng\u00a0\u00bb B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i m\u1eddi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u1ed9i c\u00e1c m\u1edbi. \u00d4ng Di\u1ec7m nh\u1eadn l\u00e3nh ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 Th\u1ee7 T\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Qu\u1ed1c-Gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u00e0y 7.7.1954 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 7.7.1954 n\u00e0y m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho n\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a.<\/p>

Khi \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111ang lo th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 qu\u1ed1c gia, H\u1ed9i Ngh\u1ecb Gen\u00e8ve v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ng\u00e0y 20.7.1954 t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Gen\u00e8ve, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chia hai Vi\u1ec7t Nam :
\u2022 Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc<\/strong> (t\u1eeb \u1ea3i Nam Quan cho t\u1edbi v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 17 v\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa hai mi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 s\u00f4ng B\u1ebfn H\u1ea3i) thu\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t do \u00f4ng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o,
\u2022 Mi\u1ec1n Nam<\/strong> (t\u1eeb s\u00f4ng B\u1ebfn H\u1ea3i v\u00e0o cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u0169i C\u00e0 Mau) d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. Nh\u01b0ng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft tranh \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 b\u1ecdn tay sai ra kh\u1ecfi mi\u1ec1n Nam. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 mi\u1ec1n Nam cho th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u00fd do x\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang d\u01b0\u1edbi chi\u00eau b\u00e0i \u00ab\u00a0m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc tham gia v\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tranh \u0111\u1ea5u, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c mi\u1ec1n Nam. Nh\u01b0ng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i x\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam.<\/p>

\"\"
Sau H\u1ed9i Ngh\u1ecb Gen\u00e8ve 20.07.1954, s\u00f4ng B\u1ebfn H\u1ea3i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ranh gi\u1edbi chia \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/figcaption><\/figure>

Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1eeba th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp sau hai tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ea5p th\u1eddi
\u2022 Di chuy\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam
\u2022 Di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o b\u1ecf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam t\u00ecm t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi hai b\u00e0n tay tr\u1eafng.<\/p>

V\u00e0o t\u1edbi S\u00e0i G\u00f2n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i lo l\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gai g\u00f3c tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft
\u2022 \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0m h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn cho ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng lo g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n do th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ecdn tay sai t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3n s\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.
\u2022 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c\u2026
\u2022 \u0110\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf.
\u2022 B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an ninh cho d\u00e2n ch\u00fang d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn l\u1ee5c l\u00e2m th\u1ea3o kh\u1ea5u do th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n dung d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1edbi \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 \u00ab\u00a0chia \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb\u00a0\u00bb m\u00e0 ch\u00fang v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng.<\/p>

Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u0129 t\u1ea1i t\u00f2a \u0111\u00f4 ch\u00ednh S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd tru\u1ea5t ph\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c Tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i, v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Qu\u1ed1c Tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1eabn \u1edf t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i phong tr\u00e0o lan r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd ng\u00e0y 23.10.1955. Qu\u1ed1c Tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i b\u1ecb tru\u1ea5t ph\u1ebf. Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ecb T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a.<\/p>

T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Di\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn do B\u00ecnh Xuy\u00ean ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed v\u00f5 trang thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i H\u00f2a H\u1ea3o v\u00e0 Cao \u0110\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a. Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u00fd ch\u00ed tranh \u0111\u1ea5u c\u00f9a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, an ninh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 uy quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i l\u1eadp. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Sau \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i vi\u1ec5n chinh Ph\u00e1p tri\u1ec7t tho\u00e1i kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a.<\/p>

Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a :
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 26.10.1956<\/strong> : ban h\u00e0nh Hi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p.
\u2022 N\u0103m 1958<\/strong> : bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 Ban M\u00ea thu\u1ed9t. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Di\u1ec7m tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi v\u1ee5 \u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i Ch\u1ee3 Kinh t\u1ebf Ban M\u00ea Thu\u1ed9t.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 17.1.1960<\/strong> : c\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u1ecb x\u00e3 B\u1ebfn Tre thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh Ki\u1ebfn H\u00f2a m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a.
\u2022 M\u00f9a thu 1960<\/strong> : c\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Kon Tum, Pleiku nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea3y d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea9y lui.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 11.11.1960<\/strong> : m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u0129 quan c\u1ea5p t\u00e1 thu\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea3y d\u00f9 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e2n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 do c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea1i-t\u00e1 Tr\u1ea7n Thi\u1ec7n Khi\u00eam v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thi\u1ec7u k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. \u0110\u1ea1i-t\u00e1 Thi, Trung-t\u00e1 \u0110\u00f4ng, \u00f4ng Th\u1ee5y (a) ch\u1ea1y qua ng\u1ea3 Nam Vang. \u00d4ng \u0110\u00e1n (a) b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m t\u00f9 v\u00ec ch\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 20.12.1960<\/strong> : M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eadn Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam ra \u0111\u1eddi \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.
\u2022 Th\u00e1ng 2.1962<\/strong> : hai phi c\u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n C\u1eed v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e1i m\u00e1y bay b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 dinh \u0110\u1ed9c-L\u1eadp m\u01b0u s\u00e1t T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Di\u1ec7m. Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch g\u00ec. Phi c\u00f4ng Qu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef sau khi m\u00e1y bay b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n b\u1eafn h\u1ea1 g\u1ea7n xa-l\u1ed9 Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a.
\u2022 Th\u00e1ng 3.1963<\/strong> : \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c b\u1eaft \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 cho mi\u1ec1n Nam gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf M\u1ef9, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 Kennedy ra l\u1ec7nh c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 d\u00e0nh cho mi\u1ec1n Nam. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 3.1963 cho \u0111\u1ebfn 1.11.1963, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 M\u1ef9, mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.
\u2022 Th\u00e1ng 5.1963<\/strong> : v\u1ee5 l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Phong Tr\u00e0o Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o do Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda Th\u00edch Tr\u00ed Quang \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 1.11.1963<\/strong> : m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1 \u0103n ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 qua trung gian v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o trung \u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i S\u1ee9 M\u1ef9 Henry Cabot Lodge l\u1eadt \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 2.11.1963<\/strong> : \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u00f4ng Nhu b\u1ecb b\u1eafn ch\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t xe thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p t\u1eeb Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng Tham M\u01b0u.<\/p>

\"\"
26.10.1956 : L\u1ec5 Qu\u1ed1c Kh\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\u00a0<\/div>

Qua nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng<\/p>

\u2022 V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb<\/strong> :
o Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ti\u1ebfc r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi kh\u00ed th\u1ebf \u0111ang l\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1954, 1955, 1956 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c\u2026 V\u00ec sau 80 n\u0103m b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea1nh b\u1ea1o g\u1ea1t b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng t\u00e0n t\u00edch, t\u1ec7 \u0111oan v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi.
o T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Di\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb Hi\u1ec7p-th\u01b0\u01a1ng hai mi\u1ec1n Nam B\u1eafc do ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1957, 1958. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 30.4.1975.
o Sinh ho\u1ea1t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ea9y n\u1edf v\u00ec ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gia nh\u1eadp \u0111ang C\u1ea7n Lao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdng d\u1ee5ng.
o \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng y\u00eau s\u00e1ch c\u00f9a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m t\u1ecf ra qu\u00e1 c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ngo\u1ea1i bang, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u00f4ng.
o Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1ed1 c\u1ed9ng do \u00f4ng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Th\u00f4ng tin Tr\u1ea7n Ch\u00e1nh Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0a ra ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o th\u00eam sai l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 nghi k\u1ef5 tuy r\u1eb1ng sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 s\u1eeda sai v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c \u00f4ng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng.
o V\u00ec thi\u1ebfu th\u1eddi gian s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 trung c\u1ea5p, qu\u1ed1c s\u00e1ch \u00ab\u00a0\u1ea4p chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c\u00a0\u00bb kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang mong \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/p>

\u2022 V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/strong> :
T\u1eeb m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n do Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng qu\u00e2n binh ch\u1ee7ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i mi\u1ec1n Nam kh\u00e1 thi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u00ab\u00a0nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n h\u00f3a\u00a0\u00bb qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. Tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/p>

\u2022 Tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf<\/strong> :
o Nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00ec d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 kh\u00e1 cao v\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n Nam. N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf mi\u1ec1n Nam.
o Cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103m 1956, nh\u01b0ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn 1963 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t \u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t cho 121.460 gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1n 418.000 m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea5t.
o M\u1ed7i gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 3,45 m\u1eabu t\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n m\u00e0 \u0111a s\u1ed1 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n Nam mong \u0111\u1ee3i, tuy r\u1eb1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1ea5y c\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0m m\u01b0a l\u00e0m gi\u00f3 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam : m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 2,45% \u0111i\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef 45% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai canh t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh t\u00e1 \u0111i\u1ec1n b\u1ecb b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n !
o Ng\u00e0nh tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ec9a c\u00e2y k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y. Cao su \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong nh\u1eefng h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng, nh\u01b0ng mi\u1ec1n Nam ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng m\u1ee7 cao su. K\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf x\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cao su kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp.
o N\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 ghi nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0110a Nhim, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y xi m\u0103ng H\u00e0 Ti\u00ean, x\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ec7t Vinatexco\u2026 ng\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m trong tay m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 gian th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ed3i c\u00f2n m\u1ed3 ma \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a anh B\u1ea3y (b) !<\/p>

\u2022 V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n x\u00e3-h\u1ed9i<\/strong> :
o D\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i mi\u1ec1n Nam ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n v\u00ec \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng x\u00f4 b\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i bang. Nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t huy v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n, kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1ecb k\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng hay m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u00ab\u00a0ng\u1ed9p th\u1edf\u00a0\u00bb v\u00ec m\u00e0ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u00ab\u00a0c\u00f4ng an nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u00a0\u00bb trong m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n.
o Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7 \u0111oan x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 c\u1edd b\u1ea1c, r\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u00e8, nghi\u1ec7n h\u00fat, \u0111\u0129 \u0111i\u1ebfm\u2026 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ph\u00e1t huy phong tr\u00e0o th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao\u2026.<\/p>

\u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a : 1.11.1963 \u2013 30.4.1975<\/strong><\/h3>

Trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n 12 n\u0103m n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ed3n d\u1eadp x\u1ea3y ra v\u00ec s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i, sau khi l\u1eadt v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft anh em \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00f3 h\u00e0n g\u1eafn v\u00ec
o s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i bang v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng-H\u00f2a
o s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng qu\u00e1i thai th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean h\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb
o s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ecdn qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t t\u1eadp t\u1ec5nh l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. V\u00ec v\u1eady, thay v\u00ec ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn truy\u1ec7n \u00ab\u00a0\u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ed1c an d\u00e2n\u00a0\u00bb, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch v\u01a1 v\u00e9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb b\u1eb1ng x\u00ec ke, ma t\u00fay\u2026
o s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u00fang ta. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7 \u0111oan x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp sinh s\u00f4i n\u1ea3y n\u1edf v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed3ng M\u1ef9 kim do l\u00ednh ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c vung v\u00e3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang ta : c\u1edd b\u1ea1c, x\u00ec ke, ma t\u00fay, \u0111\u0129 \u0111i\u1ebfm. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>

\"\"
Ng\u00e0y Qu\u00e2n L\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a<\/figcaption><\/figure>

Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t quan s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng x\u1ea3y ra t\u1eeb 1.11.1963 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 30.4.1975.<\/p>

A. Di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n quan tr\u1ecdng<\/strong><\/h4>

\u2022 Sau khi gi\u1ebft xong anh em \u00f4ng Di\u1ec7m, Trung t\u01b0\u1edbng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u0103n Minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00ab\u00a0h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e3nh\u00a0\u00bb b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m Qu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc Th\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng Minh m\u1eddi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 22.11.1963<\/strong> : T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 Kennedy, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1ecb b\u1eafn ch\u1ebft t\u1ea1i Dallas, ti\u1ec3u bang Texas. Ph\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Lyndon B. Johnson tuy\u00ean th\u1ec7 nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 31.1.1964<\/strong> : Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169ng T\u00e0u, t\u00ean h\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m \u00ab\u00a0Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a\u00a0\u00bb do s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u00ab\u00a0H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed9i C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng\u00a0\u00bb
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 20, 21 v\u00e0 22 th\u00e1ng 8.1964<\/strong>, sau m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 ra \u0111\u1eddi, \u00ab\u00a0Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0169ng T\u00e0u\u00a0\u00bb b\u1ecb d\u00e2n ch\u00fang x\u00e9 b\u1ecf v\u00e0 t\u00ean h\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y 20, 21 v\u00e0 22 th\u00e1ng 8 1964. T\u1eeb t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0y sinh ra c\u00e1i qu\u00e1i thai \u00ab\u00a0Tam \u0110\u1ea7u Ch\u1ebf\u00a0\u00bb : D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u0103n Minh, Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u00e1nh v\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n Thi\u1ec7n Khi\u00eam.
\u2022 Th\u00e1ng 9.1964<\/strong> : cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u0103n \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 L\u00e2m V\u0103n Ph\u00e1t l\u1eadt Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u00e1nh nh\u01b0ng Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan th\u1ea7y Taylor, \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 M\u1ef9 c\u1ee9u tho\u00e1t.
\u2022 Th\u00e1ng 10.1964<\/strong> : Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1i l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i uy quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i sau nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eeba qua, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ef1, do Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda T\u00e2m Ch\u00e2u c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh, tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ra kh\u1ecfi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 31.1.1965<\/strong> : Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecb Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u00e1nh l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5. \u00d4ng Phan Kh\u1eafc S\u1eedu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Nh\u00e2n s\u0129 b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m Qu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0N\u1ed9i c\u00e1c Y Khoa\u00a0\u00bb do b\u00e1c s\u0129 Phan Huy Qu\u00e1t \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 6.2.1965<\/strong> : m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u0129 quan v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea3o v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh l\u1eadt Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u00e1nh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh. Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u00e1nh kh\u0103n g\u00f3i ra \u0111i v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0110\u1ea1i T\u01b0\u1edbng do Qu\u1ed1c Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Phan Kh\u1eafc S\u1eedu phong c\u00f9ng l\u00fac v\u1edbi Trung T\u01b0\u1edbng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u0103n Minh. Sau n\u00e0y \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e1 Th\u1ea3o b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft.
\u2022 Th\u00e1ng 5.1965<\/strong> : C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Phan Huy Qu\u00e1t. Sau nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef c\u00e1i gh\u1ebf Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u00f4ng Qu\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u00f4ng S\u1eedu ra \u0111i v\u00e0 trao tr\u1ea3 quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 19.6.1965<\/strong> H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Qu\u00e2n L\u1ef1c b\u1ea7u
– Trung t\u01b0\u1edbng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thi\u1ec7u l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ed1c gia.
– Thi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u1edbng Nguy\u1ec5n Cao K\u1ef3 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u1ee6y ban H\u00e0nh Ph\u00e1p Trung \u01af\u01a1ng (ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7)
\u2022 Th\u00e1ng 3.1966<\/strong> : Trung t\u01b0\u1edbng Nguy\u1ec5n Ch\u00e1nh Thi \u0111\u00f2i t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb cho mi\u1ec1n Trung. Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0Ph\u1eadt xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u00a0\u00bb theo l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda Tr\u00ed Quang t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trung \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1eed c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng Loan, \u0110\u1ed1ng, L\u00e3m ra d\u1eb9p y\u00ean.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 1.4.1967<\/strong> : ban h\u00e0nh Hi\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.
o Th\u00e1ng 9.1967 : T\u01b0\u1edbng Thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1eafc c\u1eed T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a, c\u00f9ng li\u00ean danh v\u1edbi T\u01b0\u1edbng K\u1ef3.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 30.1.1968<\/strong> : m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng k\u00edch v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng n\u1ed5i d\u1eady T\u1ebft M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n. Trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam, C\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n m\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh l\u1ef5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 31.3.1968<\/strong> : T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Nixon loan b\u00e1o tri\u1ec7t tho\u00e1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 ra kh\u1ecfi mi\u1ec1n Nam.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 10.6.1969<\/strong> : th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng L\u00e2m th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eadn Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 3.9.1969<\/strong> : \u00f4ng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 29.4.1970<\/strong> : qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n sang l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Kampuchea sau cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 \u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng Sihanouk.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 8.2.1971<\/strong> : chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Lam S\u01a1n h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n H\u1ea1 L\u00e0o
\u2022 Th\u00e1ng 9.1971<\/strong> : \u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7u t\u00e1i \u0111\u1eafc c\u1eed ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 30.3.1972<\/strong> : C\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n \u00e0o \u1ea1t v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 17, m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Xu\u00e2n-H\u00e8 1972. Nh\u1eefng t\u00ean An L\u1ed9c, Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, Kontum, Hu\u1ebf\u2026 \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 18-20 th\u00e1ng 12.1972<\/strong> : t\u00e1i oanh t\u1ea1c mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 27.1.1973<\/strong> : Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t chi\u1ebfn tranh, l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eadn, mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 M\u1ef9.
\u2022 Ng\u1ea3y 29.3.1973<\/strong> : ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam.
\u2022 Th\u00e1ng 10.1974<\/strong> : Phong tr\u00e0o tranh \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb n\u1ed5i d\u1eady m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, \u0111\u00f2i \u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o C\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o, Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed tranh \u0111\u1ea5u m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f2i \u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111i, nh\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ed7 cho m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tranh \u0111\u1ea5u cho H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t \u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7u ra l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp h\u1ea7u d\u1eadp t\u1eaft ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda tranh \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t c\u1ee9 ng\u1ed3i \u00ec ra \u0111\u1ea5y. \u0110\u1ec3 xoa d\u1ecbu ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn, \u00f4ng ra l\u1ec7nh c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng D\u00e2n v\u1eadn v\u00e0 Chi\u00eau h\u1ed3i Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ee9c Nh\u00e3.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 7.1.1975<\/strong> : Ph\u01b0\u1edbc B\u00ecnh th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n t\u1ec9nh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Long b\u1ecb l\u1ea5n chi\u1ebfm.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 10.3.1975<\/strong> : Ban M\u00ea Thu\u1ed9t b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 ng\u00e0y 12.3.1975.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 17.3.1975<\/strong> : \u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7u ra l\u1ec7nh di t\u1ea3n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ra kh\u1ecfi Cao Nguy\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, v\u00f4 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1, v\u00f4 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 Nha Trang hay nh\u1eefng t\u1ec9nh ven bi\u1ec3n. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n r\u00fat v\u00f4 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y b\u1ecb ch\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh l\u00e0m cho h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ef5 n\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebft tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb Pleiku v\u1ec1 Tuy H\u00f2a.
o Ng\u00e0y 26.3.1975 : Hu\u1ebf th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 trong c\u1ea3nh h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 29.3.1975<\/strong> : \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, v\u00f4 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 mang c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn nh\u01b0 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4 Hu\u1ebf.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 21.4.1975<\/strong> : v\u00f2ng \u0111ai Xu\u00e2n L\u1ed9c ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n b\u1ecb l\u00e0n l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ecdc th\u1ee7ng. C\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y \u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a v\u00e0 trao tr\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i cho Ph\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u01a1ng.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 28.4.1975<\/strong> : \u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n Minh nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a, \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Huy\u1ec1n, Ph\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u00f4ng V\u0169 V\u0103n M\u1eabu Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, lo l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00f2a gi\u1ea3i, H\u00f2a h\u1ee3p d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1edbi M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eadn.
\u2022 Ng\u00e0y 30.4.1975<\/strong> : \u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n Minh nh\u00e2n danh T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a ra l\u1ec7nh cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u01b0ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng v\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>

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3.09.1967 : b\u1ea7u c\u1eed T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng (11 li\u00ean danh) v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ngh\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7n (48 li\u00ean danh)<\/figcaption><\/figure>

T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ed3n d\u1eadp tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn g\u1ea7n 12 n\u0103m d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a qua c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>

B. Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 qu\u00e2n bi\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 30.4.1975<\/strong><\/h4>

Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh sau \u0111\u00e2y : ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi.<\/p>

1. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb<\/strong>
Trong kho\u1ea3ng 20 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a, ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng v\u1ec1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3.<\/p>

Th\u1eadt v\u1eady m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c gia ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n gi\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i.<\/p>

D\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea3ng \u00ab\u00a0Kaki\u00a0\u00bb m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean n\u1eafm ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 do th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea9y, v\u00ec v\u1eady h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ed1c an d\u00e2n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng coi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 !<\/p>

\u00d4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cai tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 d\u00f9ng ti\u1ec1n, d\u00f9ng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 mua chu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e0n em bi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng tay sai \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 sai l\u1ea7m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng khi coi vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tay sai, gia n\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3m l\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed3i v\u1eefng tr\u00ean c\u00e1i gh\u1ebf T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft cai tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1o, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 ma gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0 mua chu\u1ed9c, \u0111e d\u1ecda, t\u00f9 \u0111\u00e0y\u2026 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 cai tr\u1ecb.<\/p>

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ed1c an d\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00e2m y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u1eeb Chung, c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n v\u0103n B\u00f4ng, c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m Minh Tr\u00ed l\u00e0m ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i suy t\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i m\u00e0 \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00ab\u00a0d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>

M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ng\u1ed9p th\u1edf, trong khi \u0111\u00f3, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng mua quan b\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1ea3y ra r\u1ea5t \u01b0 l\u00e0 l\u1ed9 li\u1ec5u : mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9c n\u1ecd ch\u1ee9c kia ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfu s\u1eb5n bao nhi\u00eau tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng cho l\u1ec7nh b\u00e0 hay quan t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u1eb7ng v\u0103n Quang (c). N\u1ea1n tham nh\u0169ng, h\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 lan tr\u00e0n nh\u01b0 n\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch v\u1eady : l\u1edbn \u0103n l\u1edbn, nh\u1ecf \u0103n nh\u1ecf. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3i r\u00e1ch kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf, l\u1ea7m than v\u00ec chi\u1ebfn tranh, v\u00ec tham nh\u0169ng th\u1ed1i n\u00e1t c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd v\u1ecb c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>

Khi \u00ab\u00a0th\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh th\u00ec h\u1ea1 t\u1eafc lo\u1ea1n\u00a0\u00bb nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng phong tr\u00e0o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang tranh \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00f2i \u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111i h\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1974. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u1ed3i \u1edf ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n 10 n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ngo\u1ea1i bang. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u1eadu-thu\u1eabn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, th\u00ec mi\u1ec1n Nam ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Khi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft lo cho d\u00e2n, th\u00ec d\u0129 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng hay \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n. D\u00e2n ch\u00fang khi n\u00e0o tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft v\u01a1 v\u00e9t ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean c\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y b\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n sau \u0111\u00e2y : thi\u1ebfu l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5, thi\u1ebfu sinh ho\u1ea1t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, tham nh\u0169ng th\u1ed1i n\u00e1t v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ngo\u1ea1i bang.<\/p>

2. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1<\/strong>
D\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a kh\u00e1 thi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p b\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 huy c\u00f9a h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebfu kh\u00e0 n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn. Ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c n\u1ecd, ch\u1ee9c kia, ch\u00ec v\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0 tay ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng hay h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gh\u00e9 qua v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a quan tham nh\u0169ng s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecd \u0110\u1eb7ng. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i m\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c theo ki\u1ec3u nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n trang v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00f4ng binh l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa nh\u1eefng qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf.<\/p>

V\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 T\u1ed5ng t\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh t\u1ed1i cao qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7u v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh h\u00f3a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ai ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u00e2n c\u1eadn \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ea5t t\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 ma gi\u00e1o, tham nh\u0169ng, b\u1ea9n th\u1ec9u. Vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edfng, Trung \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edfng, S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edfng hay T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec1u qua tay t\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea1m tham nh\u0169ng n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00e0m sao v\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>

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M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c di t\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 trong h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n khi\u1ebfn ch\u1ec9 trong 55 ng\u00e0y c\u1ea3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a b\u1ecb s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5<\/figcaption><\/figure>

Khi ra l\u1ec7nh tri\u1ec7t tho\u00e1i kh\u1ecfi Cao Nguy\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 bao v\u00e2y v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00f4ng Thi\u1ec7u m\u1eafc v\u00e0o sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e2n s\u1eed c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c r\u00fat lui kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1y lo\u1ea1n \u00f4 h\u1ee3p h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdng s\u00fang th\u1eadt l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i t\u00e2n m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 mai ph\u1ee5c t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t v\u00e0 am hi\u1ec3u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean. T\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c di t\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng 55 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ee5 qu\u00e2n bi\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 30.4.1975.<\/p>

3. V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf<\/strong>
\u01afu ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eabn d\u00e0nh cho khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Tuy ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1970 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1974, vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ecb ng\u01b0ng tr\u1ec7. Mi\u1ec1n Nam, v\u1ef1a l\u00faa c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi 6.130.000 m\u1eabu ru\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p l\u00faa g\u1ea1o cho 20 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i l\u00e0m c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean b\u1ecdn gian th\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00f9ng m\u1ecdi m\u00e1nh l\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 t\u00edch tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ee7 l\u1ee3i. B\u1ecdn gian th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c tham quan \u00f4 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea7u, n\u00ean ch\u00fang c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf tung ho\u00e0nh kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i v\u00e0 ra s\u1ee9c v\u01a1 v\u00e9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o : n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n l\u00e0m m\u01b0\u1edbn v\u00e0 th\u1ee3 thuy\u1ec1n. B\u1ecdn gian th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea5u k\u1ebft v\u1edbi b\u1ecdn quan l\u1ea1i tham nh\u0169ng t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam. V\u00ec ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c binh ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n, l\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i khai th\u00e1c tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u00ab\u00a0\u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u00a0\u00bb n\u00e0y l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i kh\u00ed tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn trong c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>

N\u1ea1n l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t phi m\u00e3 \u0111e d\u1ecda tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang mi\u1ec1n Nam, trong m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o, ph\u00f9 phi\u1ebfm d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ngo\u1ea1i bang. S\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5t nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed7i gia t\u0103ng, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i k\u00e9m, tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp\u2026<\/p>

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\u0110\u1eadp th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0110a Nhim, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c.<\/figcaption><\/figure>
\u00a0<\/div>

4. V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/strong>
X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tinh th\u1ea7n, nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng M\u1ef9 kim ch\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch \u0103n m\u1eb7c, l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1ea1i bang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1ed1 b\u1ecbch, ph\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p m\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i.<\/p>

X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng sa \u0111\u1ecda v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng \u1ed3 \u1ea1t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u00f9a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ec7 \u0111oan x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t gia t\u0103ng : gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00ec x\u00ec ke ma t\u00fay, tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp, c\u1edd b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129 \u0111i\u1ebfm do qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i. Bu\u00f4n l\u1eadu x\u00ec ke ma t\u00fay l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tham quan \u00f4 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c b\u1eadc cao t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ph\u1ee7\u2026
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 tr\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft nh\u1edd v\u1ea3 v\u00e0o ngo\u1ea1i bang \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec h\u1ecd th\u1eadt t\u00e2m y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a do to\u00e0n d\u00e2n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>

V\u1ee5 qu\u00e2n bi\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 30-4-75 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t kh\u00fac quanh trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. V\u00ec cu\u1ed9c tranh \u0111\u1ea5u cho t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c.<\/p>

Ghi ch\u00fa :<\/p>

(a) Nguy\u1ec5n Ch\u00e1nh Thi, V\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n \u0110\u00f4ng, Ho\u00e0ng C\u01a1 Th\u1ee5y,\u00a0Phan Quang \u0110\u00e1n<\/i>
(b)\u00a0\u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u00f2ng b\u1ea1c \u1edf Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t nh\u00ec \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0m \u0103n c\u1ee7a B\u1ea3y Vi\u1ec5n (th\u1ee7 l\u00e3nh B\u00ecnh Xuy\u00ean).<\/i>
(c)\u00a0Theo t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Merle L. Pribbenow vi\u1ebft trong s\u00e1ch \u00ab\u00a0Drugs, Corruption, and Justice in Vietnam and Afghanistan\u00a0\u00bb, t\u01b0\u1edbng Quang s\u1ed1ng trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u00e8o t\u00fang khi \u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c M\u1ef9 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1989. C\u00f3 l\u00fac \u00f4ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp h\u00e0nh l\u00fd t\u1ea1i phi tr\u01b0\u1eddng Los Angeles. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i oan cho \u00f4ng.<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Nguy\u1ec5n T\u1ea5n Qu\u1ed1c
\u0110\u1eb7c san Sinh Vi\u00ean Xu\u00e2n B\u00ednh Th\u00ecn 1976<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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C\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\tMenu<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t
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